nutritional status is a health status that is produced by the balance between the needs and nutrition intake. This balance mainly comes from the energy producing nutrients such as carbohydrates, lipids, and protein. The imbalance, good lack or excess energy can result in health status that is not healthy.
The lack of energy intake of carbohydrates and fat will take a portion of a protein that functions as a protein substance disturbed builders. With the assumptions, typically a lack of energy comes with the lack of a protein known as lack of energy and protein. Instead, excess energy intake will be filled as fat in adipose tissue under the skin. This situation caused more nutrition or obesity which is known with obesity.
Read also: The nutrition needed by the Human Body
Read also: The nutrition needed by the Human Body
1. Lack of energy and protein
deficiency of energy and protein is one of the nutritional problems due to the lack of energy and protein intake. The following is the reason for the lack of energy and protein intake.
The available food contains less energy.
Appetite disturbed children so that they do not want to eat.
An interruption in the digestive tract so that the absorption of nourishment in the intestines disrupted.
Increased needs, for example, because of infectious diseases that are not balanced with sufficient intake.
Lack of energy and protein resulted in the growth and development of children disturbed'. Depending on the machine or the seriousness of the lack of energy and protein that experienced by infants. Disruption of nutrition intake is acute cause of dried up called with entities exist. Entities exist, namely, weight loss of the son is not comparable to the height of his stature if this shortage is serious or severe means little by little but in the first time period then stunting situation. Stunting, namely children become short and the height of the body is not in accordance with age even in a glance children not learn. Both entities exist or stunting divided into three degrees'. A child can experience both it and can be distinguished in three forms:
a. General Marasmus
in the case of general marasmus children seen dried up so that his face like the old man. This form is due to the lack of energy is more dominant.
b. Kwashiorkor
Children visible fat underemployed due to edema is the accumulation of fluid in the sidelines of the cells in the network. Although visible fat, but the muscles of the body experience organizing. Edema due to lack of protein intake in acute suddenly) for example because of infection whereas protein reserves in the body have expired.
c. The kwashiorkor Marasmic
this form is a combination of general marasmus and kwashiorkor. Genesis is due to the energy and protein requirements could not be met.
The three forms of above resulted in children are not concerned with the surrounding environment and its development hampered. In addition, liquid and digestive enzymes decreased so that children often suffer from diarrhea. To solve required patience and cannot be directly given food that energized and high-protein nutrient. The giving of the diet must be gradually so that the body can perform the adjustment.
2. Obesity
Obesity, namely disruption of health status in the form of a heap of fat as a result of excess energy intake that is not balanced with the needs of the body. Not all the body weight above normal classified obesity. This classification must be supported with various checking/for example of weight against height and thick folds of fat under the skin that far exceeds the normal. Children can be overweight (body weight above normal), but not obesity because it has the structure of the skeleton and muscles. However, Aven-Hen (1992) holds that an overweight on the age of the next age will be overweight, even when teenagers and adults will experience obesity, This is due to the labor department doors to write the fat cells which had excessive difficult lowered.
The emergence of obesity is influenced by various factors including factors lineage and Iingkungan, of course, the main factor is energy intake that is not in accordance with the use. Examples of obesity are often found in children sitting in front of the television while eating or are featherless. According to Aven-Hen (1992), obesity is often found in children summarized below.
- Children who each weeping since babies are given milk bottle.
- The baby too early introduced with solid food.
- the Son of the mother who is too afraid of his lack of nutrition.
- Children who always get prizes cookies or sugar-sugar if he did according to the desire of the parents.
- The lazy to physical activity.
Obesity often causes various health problems in children, for example, often suffer infectious diseases especially the respiratory tract. This is due to the defense response of the body is decreased and respiratory movement barriers by the respiratory tract and the lungs. With obesity also often found hands are badly bruised in the skin caused by friction on the skin folds. In addition, obesity is a risk factor for the emergence of degenerative diseases (coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus, and cancer). On infants who are obese, risks outweigh the greater for infants who are obese tend to all the days of his life are obese.
Tackling obesity more difficult from preventive measures. Therefore, feed regularly with the amount of energy released, balanced with early childhood activities. Various fatty food high and too sweet cakes such sweet meant as a restricted, namely on occasion only.
